As China and Pakistan commemorate the 10th anniversary of President Xi Jinping’s landmark visit to Pakistan, both nations stand as glowing examples of how diplomatic goodwill, economic collaboration, and mutual trust can transform vision into reality. The past decade has been a period of unprecedented growth, resilience, and strategic depth in bilateral relations, a model of partnership that continues to evolve with the changing times.
In April 2015, President Xi’s visit ushered in a new era of cooperation with the official launch of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) a flagship project under Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Ten years on, CPEC has matured from a conceptual framework into a transformative development engine, powering Pakistan’s economy and strengthening regional connectivity.
One of the most remarkable symbols of this cooperation is the Lahore Orange Line Metro, Pakistan’s first modern urban rail transit system. Operational today, it is not only easing urban mobility for thousands of commuters daily but also stands as a symbol of China’s commitment to modernizing Pakistan’s infrastructure.
Moreover, the Khunjerab Pass, once closed during the harsh winter months, is now open year-round. This uninterrupted connectivity between the two nations has enhanced trade, tourism, and people-to-people ties. It symbolizes the breaking down of physical and metaphorical barriers, fostering an enduring spirit of cooperation.
The Gwadar Port, often referred to as the crown jewel of CPEC, has undergone a comprehensive operational upgrade. With its strategic location near the Strait of Hormuz, Gwadar is fast emerging as a key trade and logistics hub in the region. The port’s growing capacity to handle commercial and energy shipments is not only boosting Pakistan’s maritime potential but also complementing China’s vision for greater regional integration.
Perhaps one of the most immediate and impactful dividends of CPEC has been in the energy sector. Pakistan’s chronic power shortages, once a serious impediment to industrial and economic growth, have significantly eased thanks to a series of Chinese financed power projects. These include thermal, hydro, wind, and solar plants, alongside key transmission grid enhancements that have brought stability and reach to Pakistan’s electricity supply.
The K2 and K3 nuclear power plants, now fully operational, are providing clean and consistent energy to the national grid. The commencement of construction on the C5 nuclear plant further showcases the depth of cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear technology, aimed at sustainable development.
In the financial domain, the strategic partnership has yielded robust mechanisms to enhance economic stability. The People’s Bank of China and the State Bank of Pakistan expanded their currency swap agreement, a move that strengthens Pakistan’s foreign exchange reserves and reduces dependency on third currencies in bilateral trade.
Additionally, the establishment of an RMB clearing bank in Pakistan marks a significant step towards de-dollarization of trade between the two countries. It facilitates smoother and faster transactions, reducing costs and promoting the use of local and Chinese currencies in cross-border trade and investment.
Beyond economic cooperation, the strategic trust between China and Pakistan extends deeply into defence. Over the last decade, VT-4 main battle tanks, J-10CE fighter jets, and 054AP frigates have been commissioned into the Pakistani armed forces, a testament to the technological and tactical interoperability between the two militaries.
This defence collaboration enhances Pakistan’s deterrence capabilities and demonstrates China’s unwavering support for Pakistan’s sovereignty and regional peace efforts. It also reinforces the shared objective of stability and balance in South Asia.
CPEC’s impact isn’t limited to infrastructure and energy. Over 250,000 jobs have been created for Pakistani citizens, contributing significantly to poverty alleviation and socioeconomic uplift. The establishment of vocational training centres across the country ensures that the local workforce is equipped with skills needed for the evolving job market.
Moreover, student exchange programs have flourished over the past decade. Thousands of Pakistani students have studied in China, many on scholarships, returning with not just degrees but with a deeper appreciation of Chinese culture, values, and work ethic. These exchanges have laid the foundation for long-term people-to-people connectivity, bridging cultural gaps and building mutual understanding.
As President Xi’s visit is remembered a decade later, it is clear that the achievements of this strategic partnership are not merely transactional, they are transformational. CPEC has not only brought roads, ports, and power plants, but also hope, opportunity, and a shared vision for sustainable growth.
Both nations have shown the world that mutual respect, non-interference, and win-win cooperation can lead to durable and meaningful partnerships. China has found in Pakistan not just a trusted ally, but a brother that shares in its dreams of prosperity and stability. Pakistan, in turn, has found in China an unwavering friend who has stood by its side through thick and thin.
As we celebrate the 10th anniversary of President Xi Jinping’s historic visit, the results speak for themselves. Whether it is infrastructure, energy, defense, finance, or people-to-people ties, the China-Pakistan relationship has blossomed into a multi-dimensional, enduring partnership. It is not only beneficial for both nations but also serves as a model of cooperation for the developing world.
With a solid foundation built over the last ten years, the future of China-Pakistan relations looks brighter than ever.
